以二进制格式输出对象基本思路是直接将对象的内存数值以二进制的格式输出,但是如何获取对象内存的二进制结构 3k_bhK zI
是关键。解决方法是通过位操作找出对象内存的每一个bit的值。并把该方法封装成一个迭代器。 |)[I$]L
要注意的问题是位操作符只能对整数类型进行操作,为了对所有类型的对象都有效,必须将对 jxdX7aik
象当作char数组来处理。 ;^f ;<
template<class Container> Usl963A#'F
class bit_iterator : public std::iterator<bidirectional_iterator_tag, EN-;@P9;C
void, void> oU)Hco "_k
{ ~Iz{@Ep*
public: es!>u{8)
explicit bit_iterator(Container& c) : m_container(&c) ~m6b6Aj@6
{ X4dxH_@
m_size = 8*sizeof(Container); ,k |QuOrCh
m_index = 0; svRYdInBNu
} HaA2y
explicit bit_iterator() : m_container(0) M"s+k
{ 8Xx4W^*_
m_size = 8*sizeof(Container); B6-1q&
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m_index = m_size; IcJQC
} Ux-i iH#s
bool operator* () nw,XA0M3
{ >!3r7LgK
char mask = 1; sIzy/W0iV
char* pc = (char*)m_container; dGG 8k&
int i = (m_size-m_index-1)/8; 0Z1';A3
int off = (m_size-m_index-1)%8; MRN=-|fV^
mask <<=off; ?JBA`,-
return pc & mask; fr`Q
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} 5\}E4y
bit_iterator<Container>& operator++() }X. Fm'`
{ ]Ljb&*IEj
m_index++; - ,?LS w
return *this; ~n!&~
} .osG"cS
bit_iterator<Container>& operator++(int) qWf[X'
{ USaa#s4'
m_index++; ) O&zb_{n
return *this; q[9N4nj$<
} ?Qx4Z3n
bool operator==(bit_iterator<Container>& bitIt) w OOu/Y
{ P-<1vfThH
return m_index == bitIt.m_index;
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} Ow(aRWUZD_
bool operator!=(bit_iterator<Container>& bitIt) =zu;npM
{ `"hWbmQ
return !(*this == bitIt); 3Yo)K
} 5 D=r7
protected: -9;?k{{[T
Container* m_container; GFju:8P?
private: +o):grWvQ
int m_size; >TiEYMW
int m_index; /8!n7a7
}; /;{L~f=et)
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用该迭代器可以将任意类型对象以二进制格式输出: %hlgLM
double a = 10; sVGQSJJ5
copy(bit_iterator<double>(a), bit_iterator<double> (), ostream_iterator<bool>(cout, ""));