全新java初学者实践教程6(Java SE5.0版)
^?E^']H)5u 基本语法3
$/NGNkl[ kSLSxfR &6` 我们这个教程侧重的是实践的内容和语言的重点。在[font="Times]java语言中还有很多细节的东西,请参考[font="Times]sun公司的官方培训教程。我们这里不能一一讲述。这节课我们来给大家提供一些程序流程控制的一些例子供大家学习。计算机怎么做事情,是我们教给他的。我们用它解决实际生活中的问题,所以计算机要描述现实生活中的流程。[font="Times]Java语言中提供了[font="Times]4类程序控制语句,来描述流程:
!8wZw68" OI'uH$y [font="Times] 1.循环语句[font="Times]:while,do-while,for
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HT{F$27W [font="Times]2.分支语句[font="Times]:if-else,switch,
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}9MW!Ss 3.跳转语句[font="Times] break,continue,label: 和[font="Times]return
Z|]l"W*w [font="Times]
UeMnc 5y 4.异常处理语句[font="Times]:try-catch-finally,throw
$.ymby !JT<(I2 实践:
xnl<<}4pJ [font="Times] 1.循环语句
{;]uL`abi? [font="Times] while 语句
:`{9x%o; [font="Times]class While {
*raIV]W3 [font="Times]public static void main(String args[]) {
fGu5%T, [font="Times]int n = 10;
WpZy](, [font="Times]while(n > 0) {
M\:"~XW [font="Times]System.out.println("tick " + n);
0|WOReskK [font="Times]n--;
7yY1dR<Y [font="Times]}
({*.!ty [font="Times]}
^AovkK(p [font="Times]}
0lLr[ [font="Times] do…while 语句
N%|^;4}k [font="Times] class DoWhile {
0z#l0-NdQ [font="Times]public static void main(String args[]) {
k$9Gn9L% [font="Times]int n = 10;
2N6Pa(6 [font="Times]do {
[{6&.v [font="Times]System.out.println("tick " + n);
NUi{!< [font="Times]n--;
pKOT Qf [font="Times]} while(n > 0);
H j>L>6> [font="Times]}
"U/NMGMj [font="Times]}
qg_>`Bv"a 二者区别,[font="Times]do…while至少循环一次,而[font="Times]while的表达式要是为[font="Times]flase的话可以一次也不循环。再通俗一点,[font="Times]do…while就算是括号里的是[font="Times]flase,人家最少也能[font="Times]do一次。
RM?_15m [font="Times] for语句
/ChJ~g " [font="Times] class ForTick {
jD&}}:Dj [font="Times]public static void main(String args[]) {
k#l'ko/X [font="Times]int n;
G:E+s(x [font="Times]for(n=10; n>0; n--)
@oe3i [font="Times]System.out.println("tick " + n);
"cnG/{($* [font="Times]}
+=n
x|:no [font="Times]}
#J%h!#3g 与上面那两个的区别,[font="Times]for循环执行的次数是可以在执行之前确定的。通俗一点说吧,看这个例子[font="Times] for(n=10; n>0; n--)就是在括号里的时候,就已经知道要循环[font="Times]10次了。
v:'P"uU;4 还有啊,[font="Times]for循环的部分可以为空的
X}65\6 [font="Times]class ForVar {
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[ [font="Times]public static void main(String args[]) {
i~v@ [font="Times]int i;
[8V(N2
[font="Times]boolean done = false;
"Qiq/"h [font="Times]i = 0;
#Pe\Z/ [font="Times]for( ; !done; ) {
2:smt)f [font="Times]System.out.println("i is " + i);
pl1EJ < [font="Times]if(i == 10) done = true;
Z'*G'/* [font="Times]i++;
t[H _6) [font="Times]}
|Fh`.iT%c [font="Times]}
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循环语句的例子下载 'W<a54T?z [font="Times] 2.分支语句[font="Times]
1CF7 [font="Times] if/else语句
44/0}v] [font="Times]class IfElse {
@&am!+z [font="Times]public static void main(String args[]) {
`4"y#Z [font="Times]int month = 4; // April
6Dr$*9 [font="Times]String season;
U 8qKD [font="Times]if(month == 12 || month == 1 || month == 2)
&?`d8\z [font="Times]season = "Winter";
2u I`$A: [font="Times]else if(month == 3 || month == 4 || month == 5)
l(0&6ENyj [font="Times]season = "Spring";
%k1q4qOG]^ [font="Times]else if(month == 6 || month == 7 || month == 8)
oKMg7 3* [font="Times]season = "Summer";
?kT~)k [font="Times]else if(month == 9 || month == 10 || month == 11)
IdQwLt [font="Times]season = "Autumn";
NO0[`jy( [font="Times]else
EmBfiuX [font="Times]season = "Bogus Month";
f:)K [font="Times]System.out.println("April is in the " + season + ".");
tZJ
9}\r [font="Times]}
i?P]}JENM [font="Times]}
z-{"pI [font="Times]//这段程序输出[font="Times]:
W~W?<%@ [font="Times]//April is in the Spring.
Y/:Q|HnXQ [font="Times]// 注意[font="Times] “[font="Times]||”是或运算
T$>=+U [font="Times] switch语句
|Ls&~'ik [font="Times] class Switch {
V,"AG [font="Times]public static void main(String args[]) {
\fQgiX [font="Times]int month = 4;
1W6n[Xg [font="Times]String season;
r* [font="Times]switch (month) {
sDh6 Uk [font="Times]case 12:
v J,xz*rc` [font="Times]case 1:
J&]
XLr.j [font="Times]case 2:
$[^ KCNB [font="Times]season = "Winter";
q4IjCu+ [font="Times]break;
Jn^Wzn[q [font="Times]case 3:
ND99g [font="Times]case 4:
`6l24_eKf [font="Times]case 5:
se*pkgWbz [font="Times]season = "Spring";
'Rar>oU [font="Times]break;
H'0J1\ h [font="Times]case 6:
JOE{&^j [font="Times]case 7:
&caO*R<#J} [font="Times]case 8:
\:f}X?: [font="Times]season = "Summer";
5]2!Bb6> [font="Times]break;
n(F< [font="Times]case 9:
K\%"RgF@& [font="Times]case 10:
D?&w:C\&@z [font="Times]case 11:
:h](;W>H [font="Times]season = "Autumn";
Tl0+Bq [font="Times]break;
]cO$ E=W [font="Times]default:
~9{-I{= [font="Times]season = "Bogus Month";
A`r$fCt1Vi [font="Times]}
E%v[7 ST [font="Times]System.out.println("April is in the " + season + ".");
sO f)/19 [font="Times]}
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分支语句代码下载 c9_4ohB d+$[EDix [font="Times]switch语句适合于条件非常多的逻辑
=4%WOI 请看上述语句可以混合使用,请看
下载例子